Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Exam Questions Class 11

Please refer to Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions provided below. These questions and answers for Class 11 Biology have been designed based on the past trend of questions and important topics in your class 11 Biology books. You should go through all Class 11 Biology Important Questions provided by our teachers which will help you to get more marks in upcoming exams.

Class 11 Biology Exam Questions Animal Kingdom

Class 11 Biology students should read and understand the important questions and answers provided below for Animal Kingdom which will help them to understand all important and difficult topics.

Very Short Answer Type Questions :

Question. What is metagenesis? Mention an example which exhibits this phenomenon.
Ans. Metagenesis is the phenomenon in which one generation of certain plants and animals reproduce asexually, followed by the sexually reproducing generation. Both the forms are diploid in metagenesis hence, it is the false alternation of generation.
Coelenterates exhibits metagenesis (e.g., Obelia) where polyp form alternates with medusa in its life cycle.

Question. Differentiate between a diplobastic and a triploblastic animal.
Ans. Animals in which the cells are arranged in two embryonic layers, an external ectoderm and an internal endoderm are called diploblastic animals (e.g., coelentrates). While those animals in which the developing embryo has a third germinal layer, i.e., mesoderm lying between the ectoderm and endoderm are called triploblastic animals. (e.g., chordates).

Question. What is the role of feathers?
Ans. Feathers are the epidermal growth that forms distinctive outer covering or plumage in birds.
Feathers play a variety of roles like
(i) They help in creating airfoil shape for wings so, as to provide lift and help in flight.
(ii) Feathers helps in maintaining body temperature.
(iii) Feathers play a vital role in mating by providing secondary sex characters in both the sexes the colour and markings determine the attractiveness of mate.

Question. Write one example for each of the following in the space provided.
(a) Cold blooded animal ………………
(b) Warm blooded animal ………………
(c) Animal possessing dry and cornified skin ………………
(d) Dioecious animal ………………
Ans. (a) Crocodilus (crocodile) is a cold blooded animal.
(b) Elephas maximus (elephant), (mammal) is warm blooded animal.
(c) Testudo (tortoise) bears dry and cornified skin.
(d) Ascaris (roundworm) is a dioecious animal.

Question. Which group of chordates possess sucking and circular mouth without jaws?
Ans. Class–Cyclostomata is comprised of, the living jawless fishes. Their mouth is circular and lack jaws, hence they are also called agnathans. It works like a sucker and is surrounded by tentacles (e.g., lampreys and haglish). These also prosses rectroctable horny teeth.

Question. Give one example each for an animal possessing placoid scales and that with cycloid scales.
Ans. Fishes possess dermal scales, each scale made of dentine that is secreted by dermal papilla. Placoid scales are hard and microscopic in size, their body is made up of dentine and exposed surface is covered with enamel, Cycloid scales are strong and extremely flexible.
They are large, oval and made up of isopectine (layer of collagenous fibre). Placoid Scales are the characteristic features of cartilaginous fishes. (e.g., Scoliodon). Whereas, cycloid scale are found in bony fishes (e.g., Catla catla).

Question. Match the following.

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Ans. A.→ (iii) B.→ (i) C.→ (iv) D.→ (ii)
(a) Octopus Tentacles are the appendages in invertebrates that are used for grasping food and for locomotion.
(b) Crocodile Limbs are used for locomotion, and swimming.
(c) Catta Fins Fins are means of locomotion and are used to generate optimum thrust thus controlling the subsequent motion.
(d) Ctenoplana Comb plates are locomotory organs formed by strong cilia with fused bases.

Question. Name the animal, which exhibits the phenomenon of bioluminescence.
Mention the phylum to which it belongs.
Ans. The phenomenon of production and emission of light by an organism as a result of chemical reaction during which chemical energy is converted to light energy is called bioluminescence.
Ctenoplana from phylum–Ctenophora, exhibits the phenomenon of bioluminescence.

Question. Give an example of the following
(a) Roundworm
(b) Fish possessing poison sting
(c) A limbless reptile/amphibian
(d) An oviparous mammal
Ans. (a) Roundworm – Ascaris
(b) Fish possessing poison sting – Trygon
(c) A limbless reptile/amphibian – Ichthyophis
(d) An oviparous mammal – Duck billed platypus.

Question. What is the importance of pneumatic bones and air sacs in Aves?
Ans. Birds possess light weight bones that contain internal spaces filled with air. These are called pneumatic bones. They help in, reducing their body weight, thus is an adaptation for flight.
Aerodynamic lungs with specialised air sacs provides an additional feature and gives adaptability to birds to fly (e.g., bald eagle, pigeon).

Question. Mention one example each for animals with chitinous exoskeleton and those covered by a calcareous shell.
Ans. Every living form maintain a proper shape, size and structure. In multicellular lower organisms the shape of body is maintained by certain biological materials like chitin and calcium substances. Chitinous exoskeleton is the characteristic feature of arthropods.
(e.g., cockroach, termite,wasp) whereas, calcareous shell is present in molluscs (gastropods). (e.g., snail and slugs).

Question. Provide appropriate technical term in the space provided.
(a) Blood-filled cavity in arthropods …………..
(b) Free-floating form of cnidaria …………..
(c) Stinging organ of jelly fishes …………..
(d) Lateral appendages in aquatic annelids …………..
Ans. (a) Haemocoel is the blood-filled cavity in arthropods containing haemolymph.
(b) Medusa is a form in cnidarians in which the body is shaped like an umbrella which can float freely in sed water
(c) Nematocytes are capsules of specialised cells in cnidarians which act as a paralysing sting.
(d) Parapodia are the paired unjointed lateral outgrowth in annelids bearing chaetae.

Question. Mention two modifications in reptiles required for terrestrial mode of life.
Ans. There are certain characters acquired by reptiles for the terrestrial adaptations.
Two of then are
(i) Their body is covered by dry and cornified skin and epidermal scales or scutes.
(ii) Fertilisation is internal.

Question. Identify the phylum in which adults exhibit radial symmetry and larva exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Ans. Symmetry is an attribute of an organism showing regularity in body parts on a plane or around an axis.
In Phylum Echinodermata, the adult echinoderms are radially symmetrical but the larvae are bilaterally symmetrical.

Question. What is the role of radula in molluscs?
Ans. The radula is a special rasping structure found in many molluscs. It is used to scrape and scratch the food and to create depressions in rocks which molluscs use as their habitat.
The radula bears many rows of tiny teeth that are replaced as they wear down. e.g., Limplet is a marine invertebrate that uses its radula for creating home by boring a shallow hole in the rock.

Short Answer Type Questions :

Question. There has been an increase in the number of chambers in heart during evolution of vertebrates. Give the names of the class of vertebrates having two, three or four chambered heart.
Ans. (a) Two chambered heart is present in organisms like fishes. Only one atria and one ventricle is present which are not separated and hence mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood blood occurs.
(b) Three chambered heart develops after the division of auricle into right and left halves as in amphibian. Mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs in ventricles.
(c) An intermidiary heart is present in reptiles in which ventricle get partially divided through a septum which is incomplete. e.g., Crocodiles, thus having four-chambered heart.
(d) In four chambered heart both the auricle and ventricle are divided into two halves and thus no mixing of oxgyenated and deoxygenated blood occurs. e.g., birds and mammals.

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Question. Fill up the blank spaces appropriately

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Ans. Excretion involves the elimination of metabolic waste products from the animal body.
Different organs are involved in the process of excretion in different animals.
(a) In Arthropods, the Malpighian tubules remove excretory products from haemolymph.
(b) In Annelids, the excretory organ occurs as segmentally arranged coiled tubules called nephridia
(c) In Molluscas, excretion occurs by paired structures called organ of Bojanus also called metanephridia.
(d) In Amphibians mesonephric kidneys are associated with excretion.
Blood circulation involves the circulation of blood and lymph along with oxygen, carbondioxide, hormones, blood cells, etc, within the body system for the nourishment of cells, fighting diseases, and for stabilising body temperature and pH.

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Respiratory organs are involved in the exchange of gases from the atmosphere.
Different respiratory organs are as follows
(a) Lungs/gills/tracheal system in arthropoda and molluscs.
(b) Skin in annelids.
(c) Lungs and skin in amphibians.

Question. Differentiate between
(a) Open circulatory system and closed circulatary system.
(b) Oviparous and viviparous characteristic .
(c) Direct development and Indirect development.
Ans. Differentiation between these are as below

(a)Open Circulatory SystemClosed Circulatory System
In this type of circulation, blood flows in
spaces called sinuses and the cells and
tissues are directly bathed in it.
e.g., arthropods (grasshopper, cockroach),
gastropods (snail).
In this type of circulation, blood is
circulated via a series of vessels (arteries,
veins and capillaries).
e.g., annelids (earthworm) and
vertebrates (birds, primates etc).
(b)Oviparous characteristics AnimalsViviparous Characteristic Animals
Oviparity is expulsion of undeveloped
eggs rather than live young ones
Animals that lay eggs. are called
oviparous.
e.g., fishes, reptiles, amphibians, birds, in
sects and monotremes (mammals that lay
eggs).
Viviparity is retention and growth of
fertilised egg within the material body
until the young one is capable of
independent existence.
Animals which give birth to their young
ones and are called viviparous animals.
e.g., mammals.
(c)Direct DevelopmentIndirect Development
Direct development is the type of
development in which there is no
larval/nymphal or other intermediate
stages in life, cycle between the egg
(or birth) and the adult (e.g., mammals)
Indirect development is mostly
observed in lower animals. The adult
individuals lay eggs, which develop
passing into the adult after passing
through few to several larval nymphal
stages. (e.g., echinoderms, arthropods)

Question. Sort out the animals on the basis of their symmetry (radial or bilateral) coelenterates, ctenophores, annelids, arthropods and echinoderms.
Ans. Body symmetry is the similarity of body parts in different region and directions of the body plan.
In radial symmetry, body of an individual can be divided into equal halves by any plans passing through the longitudinal axis. (e.g., Coelentrates, Ctenophores, Echinoderms.
In bilateral symmetry, body can be divided into two equal halves when the plane passes through the median longitudnal or saggital axis. (e.g., Annelids, Arthropods)

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Question. Match the following

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Ans. A.→ (v) B.→ (iii) C.→ (ii) D.→ (i) E.→ (vi) F.→ (iv)
A. Amphibians possess dual habitat, i.e., they are found in both aquatic and terrestrial habitat. Their larva is completely aquatic and adult lives in terrestrial as well as in aquatic habitat
B. Mammals have mammary glands which produce milk and feed their young ones. The mammary glands are enlarged exocrine modified sweat glands functional in female mammals.
C. Chondrichthyes have the cartilaginous rod (notochord) in the young stage which is gradually replaced by cartilage.
D. Osteichthyes have air bladder which is a vesicle or sac containing air,
E. Cyclostomes possess sucking and circular mouth without jaws which is surrounded by tentacles and the tongue bears teeth. e.g., lamprey and nagfish.
F. Aves have light weighted bones with internal spaces filled with air called pneumatic bones and aerodynamic lungs with specialised air sacs. These are the adaptations which enable birds to fly.

Question. Match the following and write correct choice in space provided

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

A. ………………. B. ……………….
C. ………………. D. ……………….
E. ………………. F. ……………….
Ans. A.→ (v) B.→ (ii) C.→ (iii) D.→ (iv) E.→ (ii) F.→ (vi)
A. Pila-Presence of shell Shell in Pila is an elongated structure which consists of a tubular whorl coiled around a central axis called columella. The main function of shell is to provide protection from harsh conditions.
B. Cockroach-Jointed appendages Presence of jointed appendages along with segmented body is the characteristic feature of arthropods (e.g., spiders, bees, crabs etc).
C. Asterias-Water vascular system It is the unique and characteristic feature in echinoderms. This system acts as a hydraulic system, composed of canals connecting numerous tube feet. It is very important as it helps Asterias (sea star) to move as well as to catch food. Respiration also takes place, through, water vascular system.
D. Torpedo Electric organ. Torpedos are unique organisms, having two large kidney shaped electric organs. These organs are capable of generating high voltage electric shocks.
E. Parrot-Perching Birds with the feet adapted (to hold tree branches are perching birds.
The Passeriform birds are true perching birds with four toes, three directed forward and one backward.
F. Dog fish-Placoid scales Placoid scales are tough scales that cover the skin of elasmobranchs (dog fish, sharks and rays). They are covered with hard enamel. The function of these scales is to protect against predators.

Question. Give an example for each of the following
(a) A viviparous animal
(b) A fish possessing a poison sting
(c) A fish possessing an electric organ
(d) An organ, which regulates buoyancy
(e) Animal, which exhibits alternation of generation
(f) Oviparous animal with mammary gland
Ans. (a) A viviparous animal is the one in which development of young ones is direct, later they provides nutrition to their offspring. It includes all mammals, except Platypus.
(b) A fish possessing a poison sting is Trygon (sting-ray). It is found on its tail. The poison released is strong enough to stun an animal.
(c) A fish possessing an electric organ Torpedo (electric ray). Electric organ in Torpedo is located in its big round pectoral fin which is just behind the eye. Large Torpedo can generate a fish killing current of up to 200 volts.
(d) An organ, which regulates buoyancy is air bladder present in class–Osteichthyes.
(e.g., Exocoetus, Catla).
(e) Animal exhibiting alteration of generation is Aurelia or jelly fish of phylum–Cnidaria. It has two basic body forms called polyp and medusa are present. Polyp is sessile and cylindrical whereas medusa is umbrella shaped and free swimming form. Polyp produces medusa asexually and medusa forms polyps sexually (e.g., Obelia).
(f) Oviparous animal with mammary gland is Ornithorhynchus (duck-billed platypes). Duck bill platypus is the only mammal which lays egg and also bear mammary gland, which is a characteristic feature of mammals.

Question. Give the characteristic features of the following citing one example of each
(a) Chondrichthyes and ostichthyes
(b) Urochordata and cephalochordata
Ans. Characteristic features of different classes mentioned are as follows
(a) Chondrichthyes
(i) These are marine animals with a stream lined body.
(ii) Body is has cartilaginous exoskeleton and the skin is tough due to the presence of minute placoid scales.
(iii) These animals are predaceous.
(iv) Due to the absence of air bladder they have to swim constantly to avoid sinking.
(v) They are cold blooded animals e.g., Scoliodon (dog fish), Pristis (saw fish).
(vi) Some of them possess electric organs and poison sting (Torpedo and Trygon).
Osteichthyes
(i) These animals are found in both habitats, i.e., marine and freshwater. They bear bony endoskeleton.
(ii) Body is streamlined, posseses four pairs of gills covered by an operculum, on each side.
(iii) Skin is covered by cycloid or ctenoid scales.
(iv) Presence of air bladder is an additional feature providing buoyancy to animal.
(v) Heart is two chambered.
(vi) Sexes are seperate, fertilisation usually external, oviparous animal with direct development.
e.g., marine- Exocoetus (flying fish), Hippocampus (sea horse); freshwater- Labeo (rohu).
(b) Urochordata
(i) In urochordates, notochord is only present in larval tail.
(ii) They contain a tough outer covering called tunic.
(iii) Persence of pharyngeal slits during some stage of the life cycle and a muscular, post anal tail is the characteristic features in urochordates.
e.g., Salpa, Ascidia, Doliolum.
Cephalochordata
(i) Cephalochordates are exclusively marine animals.
(ii) The notochord in cephalochordates extends, from the heart to tail region and is persistent throughout the life.
(iii) Body-wall shows one cell thick, non-ciliated epidermis, connective tissue, striated muscle and parietal peritonium.
(iv) Fertilisation is external
e.g., Branchiostoma (Amphioxus or Lancelet).

Question. Mention two similarities between
(a) Aves and mammals (b) A frog and crocodile
(c) A turtle and Pila
Ans. (a) Similarities between aves and mammals
(i) The members of both the groups are homeotherms, i.e., warm blooded. They are able to maintain constant body temperature.
(ii) Heart is completely four chambered.
(b) Similarities between frog and crocodile
(i) The members of both the groups are poikilotherms, i.e., they lack the capacity to regulate their constant body temperature. They are cold blooded animals.
(ii) Frog and crocodile are oviparous animals.
(c) Similarities between turtle and Pila
(i) In both animals, body is covered with dry and cornified skin. In turtle, the epidermal covering is known as scales whereas in case of Pila, it is known as calcareous shell.
(ii) Both animals are oviparous.

Question. Excretory organs of different animals are given below. Choose correctly and write in the space provided.

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

A. ………………. B. ……………….
C. ………………. D. ……………….
E. ………………. F. ……………….
Ans. A.→ (vi) B.→ (ii) C.→ (v) D.→ (iii) E.→ (vi) F.→ (i)
A. Balanoglossus – Proboscis glands This gland present in front of central sinus and excretes brown granules.
B. Leech Nephridia It helps in osmoregulation and excretion.
C. Locust Malpighian tubules These tubules open into gut and help in excretion.
D. Liver fluke Flame cells They are specialised cells in Platyhelminthes which helps in osmoregulation and excretion. These are also called protonephridia.
E. Sea urchin-absent Specialised excretory organs are absent in sea urchin.
F. Pila-Metanephridia It is a type of excretory gland or nephridium found in many types of invertebrates such as annelids, arthropods, and molluscs (in molluscs nephridia is also known as Bojanus organ).

Question. Name
(a) A limbless animal
(b) A cold blooded animal
(c) A warm blooded animal
(d) An animal possessing dry and cornified skin
(e) An animal having canal system and spicules
(f) An animal with cnidoblasts
Ans. (a) Ichthyophis does not possess limbs.
(b) Scoliodon (dog fish) is a cold blooded animal.
(c) Columba (pigeon) is a warm blooded animal.
(d) Naja naja (snake) possesses dry and cornified skin.
(e) Sycon (sponge) possesses canal system and bear spicules.
(f) Obelia bears cnidoblast.

Question. Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the special structure, possessed by these and which enables them to survive in those conditions.
Ans. The endoparasites such as Taenia solium and Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke), etc., are found inside the host body, and survive due to the presence of certain characters.
Special characters present in by endoparasites are as folows
(i) The possess anaerobic respiration and the gaseous exchange is through general body surface.
(ii) These organisms bear additional organ for the attachment to the host. Fasciola hepatica possesses acetabulum or posterior sucker for the attachment. Taenia solium posses hooks and suckers for the attachment with the host.
(iii) Reproductive organs are well developed. They are generally, hermaphrodite and self fertilisation is common in them.
(iv) The thick tegument (body covering) is present which is resistant to the host’s digestive enzymes and antitoxins.
(v) Absence of locomotary organs.
(vi) Tapeworms lack digestive organs because digested and semidigested food of the host is directly absorbed through their because body surface.

Long Answer Type Questions :

Question. Comment upon the habitats and external features of animals belonging to class–Amphibia and Reptilia.
Ans. Amphibians
(i) They possess dual life as they can live in aquatic as well as terrestrial habitat. They are ectothermic (cold blooded).
(ii) They are tetrapods (4 limbs) which facilitate movement land.
(iiii) Their limbs are evolved from the pectoral and pelvic fins.
(iv) Skin is thin, covered by mucus and mostly remain moist, also serves as an accessory source oxygen.
(v) They are both gill and lung breathers; usually gills appear in th larval stage, replaced by lungs in the adults stage.
(vi) They possess three chambered heart with two atria and one ventricle.
(vii) The fertilisation is mostly external, females are oviparous.
(viii) Larva is a tadpole, which metamorphosis into adult thus shaving metamorphosis.
e.g., Rana frog, Nectureus (mud puppy), Salamandera (salamander).

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Reptiles
(i) In reptiles, creeping and crawling mode of locomotion is found.
(ii) They are mostly terrestrial animals and their body is covered by dry, and cornified skin, epidermal scales or scutes.
(iii) Lungs are well developed and present in all stages of life.
(iv) Toes possess claws.
(v) Appendages are well adapted for the movement on land.
(vi) Heart possesses a partially divided ventricle and 2 atria.
(vii) They lay amniotic eggs which are incubate on land.
(viii) They are poikilothermic or cold blooded animals. Temperature is regulated mechanically and not metabolically by moving in and out; heat source is usually the sun.
(ix) fertilisation is internal They are oviparous and development of young ones is direc.
e.g., Chelone (turtle), Naja (cobra), Crocodicus (crocodile).

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Question. Mammals are most adapted among the vertebrates elaborate.
Ans. Mammals are most adapted among the vertebrates and the following features explain the justify this statement.
(i) They are found in variety of habitats, i.e., polar ice caps,deserts, mountains, forests, grasslands and dark caves.
(ii) They have better developed brain. The brain bears large cerebellum and cerebrum.
(iii) The most unique mammalian characteristic is the presence of milk producing glands (mammary glands) by which mammals nourish their young ones.
(iv) Mammals are homeotherms (warm blooded), i.e., they are capable of maintaining their body temperature regardless of to the surrounding environment.
(v) They possess oil secreting glands (sebaceous glands) and sweat glands (sudoriferous glands) in the skin.
(vi) They possess two pair of limbs, that are well adapted for walking, running, climbing, burrowing, swimming and flying.
(vii) fertilisation is internal. They show viviparity with few exceptions e.g., oviparous – Ornithorhynchus (platypus) and the development is direct. e.g., viviparous – Macropus (kangaroo), Rattus (rat), Canis (dog), Delphinus (common dolphin), Panthera tigris (tiger), etc.

Question. Give three major differences between chordates and non chordates and draw a schematic sketch of a chordate showing those features.
Ans. The major differences between Chordates and Non-chordates are as follows

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Schematic sketch illustrating important characters of chordates is shown below 

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions

Question. What is the relationship between germinal layers and the formation of body cavity in case of coelomate, acoelomates and pseudocoelomates?
Ans. All adult multicellular organisms typically possess a concentric arrangement of tissues in the body. These tissues are derived from the three embryonic cell layers called germinal
layers.
(i) The outer layer is the ectoderm, the middle layer is the mesoderm and the innermost layer is the endoderm.
(ii) Endoderm layer is associated with the formation of the stomach, colon, liver, pancreas, urinary bladder and other vital organs in an organism.
(iii) Mesoderm forms the main structural components of the body like the skeletal muscles, the skeleton, the dermis of the skin connective tissue, etc.
(iv) Ectoderm is associated with the formation of CNS, eye lens, ganglia, nerves and glands.
(v) The body cavity that is lined by mesoderm is called coelom, and the animals possessing coelom are called as coelomates. e.g., phylum–Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, Hemichordata and Chordata.
(vi) In some organisms, body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead mesoderm is present in the form of scattered pouches in between ectoderm and endoderm, Such body cavity is called pseudocoelom and animals possessing there stusturs are refered to as pseudocoelomates e.g., Ascaris.
(vii) The animals in which there is complete absence of body cavity are called acoelomates.
e.g., Platyhelminthes.

Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Exam Questions