MCQs For NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 Biotechnology and its Application

Please refer to the MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 11 Biotechnology and its Application with Answers. The following Biotechnology and its Application Class 12 Biology MCQ Questions has been designed based on the latest syllabus and examination pattern for Class 12. Our experts have designed MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology with Answers for all chapters in your NCERT Class 12 Biology book.

Biotechnology and its Application Class 12 MCQ Questions with Answers

See below Biotechnology and its Application Class 12 Biology MCQ Questions, solve the questions and compare your answers with the solutions provided below.

Question. Which of the following is true for Golden rice?
(a) It has yellow grains, because of a gene introduced from a primitive variety of rice.
(b) It is vitamin A enriched, with a gene from daffodil.
(c) It is pest resistant, with a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis.
(d) It is drought tolerant, developed using Agrobacterium vector. 

Question. In RNAi, the genes are silenced using
(a) ds-RNA
(b) ss-DNA
(c) ss-RNA
(d) ds-DNA.

Question. Which part of the tobacco plant is infected by Meloidogyne incognita?
(a) Stem
(b) Root
(c) Flower
(d) Leaf 

Question. Bt cotton variety that was developed by the introduction of toxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is resistant to
(a) insect pests
(b) fungal diseases
(c) plant nematodes
(d) insect predators.

Question. What triggers activation of protoxin to active toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in bollworm?
(a) Acidic pH of stomach
(b) Body temperature
(c) Moist surface of midgut
(d) Alkaline pH of gut

Question. Which of the following Bt crops is being grown in India by the farmers?
(a) Brinjal
(b) Soybean
(c) Maize
(d) Cotton 

Question. RNA interference involves
(a) synthesis of cDNA and RNA using reverse transcriptase
(b) silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA
(c) interference of RNA in synthesis of DNA
(d) synthesis of mRNA from DNA.

Question. Consumption of which one of the following foods can prevent the kind of blindness associated with vitamin ‘A’ deficiency?
(a) ‘Flavr Savr’ tomato
(b) Canolla
(c) Golden rice
(d) Bt-Brinjal 

Question. Golden rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated gene is meant for biosynthesis of
(a) omega 3
(b) vitamin A
(c) vitamin B
(d) vitamin C. 

Question. In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as protoxin is converted into active toxin due to8. The crops engineered for glyphosate are resistant/ tolerant to
(a) insects
(b) herbicides
(c) fungi
(d) bacteria.

Question. Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals which contain insecticidal protein. This protein
(a) binds with epithelial cells of midgut of the insect pest ultimately killing it
(b) is coded by several genes including the gene cry
(c) is activated by acid pH of the foregut of the insect pest
(d) does not kill the carrier bacterium which is itself resistant to this toxin.

Question. Silencing of mRNA has been used in producing transgenic plants resistant to
(a) boll worms
(b) nematodes
(c) white rusts
(d) bacterial blights.

Question. The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for
(a) insect-resistance
(b) enhancing shelf life
(c) enhancing mineral content
(d) drought-resistance.

Question. Tobacco plants resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produces (in the host cells)
(a) both sense and anti-sense RNA
(b) a particular hormone
(c) an antifeedant
(d) a toxic protein.

Question. The process of RNA interference (RNAi) has been used in the development of plants resistant to
(a) nematodes
(b) fungi
(c) viruses
(d) insects.

Question. What is true about Bt toxin?
(a) Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus.
(b) The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication.
(c) The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins.
(d) The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut.

Question. The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is widely used in contemporary biology as
(a) insecticide
(b) agent for production of dairy products
(c) source of industrial enzyme
(d) indicator of water pollution. 

Question. What is antisense technology?
(a) When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene
(b) RNA polymerase producing DNA
(c) A cell displaying a foreign antigen used for synthesis of antigens
(d) Production of somaclonal variants in tissue cultures 

Question. Cry I endotoxins obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis are effective against
(a) nematodes
(b) bollworms
(c) mosquitoes
(d) flies. 

Question. Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are
(a) long fibre and resistance to aphids
(b) medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests
(c) high yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests
(d) high yield and resistance to bollworms.

Question. An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice
(a) does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones
(b) gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A
(c) is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy
(d) gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma.

Question. A transgenic food crop which may help in solving the problem of night blindness in developing countries is
(a) Bt soybean
(b) Golden rice
(c) Flavr Savr tomatoes
(d) Starlink maize. 

Question. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used for designing novel
(a) biofertilizers
(b) bio-metallurgical techniques
(c) bio-mineralization processes
(d) bioinsecticidal plants.

Question. Golden rice is a transgenic crop of the future withthe following improved trait
(a) insect resistance
(b) high lysine (essential amino acid) content
(c) high protein content
(d) high vitamin-A content. 

Question. The first transgenic crop was
(a) tobacco
(b) cotton
(c) pea
(d) flax.

Question. Which of the following statements is not correct?
(a) In man insulin is synthesised as a proinsulin.
(b) The proinsulin has an extra peptide called C-peptide.
(c) The functional insulin has A and B chains linked together by hydrogen bonds.
(d) Genetically engineered insulin is produced in E.Coli. 

Question. Main objective of production/use of herbicide resistant GM crops is to
(a) encourage eco-friendly herbicides
(b) reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety
(c) eliminate weeds from the field without the use of manual labour
(d) eliminate weeds from the field without the use of herbicides. 

Question. Golden rice is a promising transgenic crop. When released for cultivation, it will help in
(a) producing a petrol-like fuel from rice
(b) alleviation of vitamin A deficiency
(c) pest resistance
(d) herbicide tolerance. 

Question. Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a fouryear- old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency?
(a) Gene therapy
(b) Chemotherapy
(c) Immunotherapy
(d) Radiation therapy

Question. Which one of the following vectors is used to replace the defective gene in gene therapy?
(a) Adenovirus
(b) Cosmid
(c) Ri plasmid
(d) Ti plasmid

Question. The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating
(a) diabetes mellitus
(b) chicken pox
(c) rheumatoid arthritis
(d) adenosine deaminase deficiency. 

Question. Which one of the following is now being commercially produced by biotechnological procedures?
(a) Nicotine
(b) Morphine
(c) Quinine
(d) Insulin 

Question. The genetic defect–adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency may be cured permanently by
(a) administering adenosine deaminase activators
(b) introducing bone marrow cells producing ADA into cells at early embryonic stages
(c) enzyme replacement therapy
(d) periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes having functional ADA cDNA.

Question. Human insulin is being commercially produced from a transgenic species of
(a) Rhizobium
(b) Saccharomyces
(c) Escherichia
(d) Mycobacterium. 

Question. The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by
(a) covalent bond
(b) disulphide bridges
(c) hydrogen bonds
(d) phosphodiester bond. 

Question. The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is
(a) insulin
(b) estrogen
(c) thyroxin
(d) progesterone.

Question. The term ‘humulin’ is used for
(a) hydrolytic enzyme
(b) powerful antibiotic
(c) human insulin
(d) isoenzyme. 

Question. Hybridoma cells are
(a) only cells having oncogenes
(b) product of spore formation in bacteria
(c) nervous cells of frog
(d) hybrid cells resulting from myeloma cells.

Question. Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of
(a) fish
(b) mice
(c) cow
(d) pig.

Question. In transgenics, expression of transgene in target tissue is determined by
(a) enhancer
(b) transgene
(c) promoter
(d) reporter. 

Question. The transgenic animals are those which have
(a) foreign RNA in all its cells
(b) foreign DNA in some of its cells
(c) foreign DNA in all its cells
(d) both (a) and (b).

Question. ELISA is used to detect viruses where the key reagent is
(a) alkaline phosphatase
(b) catalase
(c) DNA probe
(d) RNase. 

Question. Maximum application of animal cell culture technology today is in the production of
(a) insulin
(b) interferons
(c) vaccines
(d) edible proteins.

Question. A ‘new’ variety of rice was patented by a foreign company, though such varieties have been present in India for a long time. This is related to
(a) Co-667
(b) Sharbati Sonora
(c) Lerma Rojo
(d) Basmati. 

Question. A tumour inducing plasmid widely used in the production of transgenic plant is that of
(a) Escherichia coli
(b) Bacillus thuringiensis
(c) Staphylococcus aureus
(d) Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Question. Cultivation of Bt cotton has been much in the news. The prefix Bt means
(a) barium-treated cotton seeds
(b) bigger thread variety of cotton with better tensile strength
(c) produced by biotechnology using restriction enzymes and ligases
(d) carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis

Question. Golden rice is a transgenic crop of the future with the following improved trait
(a) High lysine (essential amino acid) content
(b) Insect resistance
(c) High protein content
(d) High vitamin-A content

Question. How many varieties of rice has been estimated to be present in India?
(a) 2,000
(b) 20,000
(c) 200,000
(d) 2,000,000

Question. Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its people is called
(a) bio-infringement
(b) biopiracy
(c) biodegradation
(d) bioexploitation.

Question. Which body of the Government of India regulates GM research and safety of introducing GM organisms for public services?
(a) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
(b) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation
(c) Bio-safety committee
(d) Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Question. α-1 antitrypsin is
(A) an antacid.
(B) an enzyme
(C) used to treat arthritis
(D) used to treat emphysema 

Question. Use of bio-resources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its people is called
(A) Bio-infringement
(B) Bioexploitation
(C) Biodegradation
(D) Biopiracy

Question. What triggers activation of protoxin to active Bt toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in bollworm ?
(A) Body temperature
(B) Moist surface of midgut
(C) Alkaline pH of gut
(D) Acidic pH of stomach 

Question. Golden rice is
(A) a variety of rice grown along the yellow river in China.
(B) long stored rice having yellow colour tint.
(C) a transgenic rice having gene for β-carotene.
(D) wild variety of rice with yellow coloured grains.

Question. The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is :
(A) Insulin
(B) Estrogen
(C) Thyroxine
(D) Progesterone

Question. C-peptide of human insulin is
(A) a part of mature insulin molecule.
(B) responsible for formation of disulphide ridges.
(C) removed during maturation of pro-insulin to insulin.
(D) responsible for its biological activity. 

Question. Stem cells can be obtained from
(A) from embryo
(B) from placenta
(C) from body parts
(D) from an embryo or tissues in the body. 

Assertion and Reason Based MCQs

Question. Assertion (A) : RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense.
Reason (R) : It prevents translation of a specific mRNA (silencing) due to a complementary dsRNA molecule.
Answer : (D)

Question. Assertion (A) : Transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of the polio vaccine.
Reason (R) : It could replace the use of monkeys to test the safety of batches of the vaccine.
Answer : (A)

Question. Assertion (A) : Norman E. Borlaug was the father of “Green revolution”.
Reason (R) : Green revolution is the period when there is significant increase in agricultural productivity of grains (specially wheat and rice).
Answer : (A)

Question. Assertion (A) : Rosie was the first transgenic cow.
Reason (R) : It contained human alpha lactalbumin.
Answer : (B)

Question. Assertion (A) : The inactive form of toxic proteins are advantageous to the bacteria producing it.
Reason( R) : Low concentration of a bacteria or virus, even at a time when the symptoms of the disease are not visible, can be detected.
Answer : (B)

II. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same :
Transgenic animals have their DNA manipulated to possess and express an extra gene. The genome of these animals has been changed and they can carry genes from other species. The first transgenic sheep was Tracy. The reason behind producing these transgenic animals are for specific economic trait, some are produced as disease models (animals genetically manipulated to exhibit disease symptoms so that effective treatment can be studied).

Question. The first transgenic cow, Rosie, was produced in :
(A) 1995
(B) 1996
(C) 1997
(D) 1998.
Answer : (C)

Question. 95% transgenic animals are :
(A) Mice
(B) Cat
(C) Dog
(D) Sheep
Answer : (A)

Question. First cloned animal is :
(A) Rat
(B) Rabbit
(C) Pig
(D) Sheep.
Answer : (A)

Question. ___ were the first mammals to be transgenic animals.
(A) Sheep
(B) Mice
(C) Fruit flies
(D) None of these
Answer : (B)

Directions : In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :
(A) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(B) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

Assertion (A) : Dolly, was the first mammal to be cloned from an udder cell.
Reason (R) : To create, Dolly the Finn Dorset ewe, Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell used aid from three mothers.
Answer : (A)